全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3697篇 |
免费 | 370篇 |
国内免费 | 172篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 83篇 |
晶体学 | 2篇 |
力学 | 362篇 |
综合类 | 49篇 |
数学 | 3379篇 |
物理学 | 364篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 38篇 |
2022年 | 40篇 |
2021年 | 72篇 |
2020年 | 101篇 |
2019年 | 95篇 |
2018年 | 97篇 |
2017年 | 120篇 |
2016年 | 150篇 |
2015年 | 89篇 |
2014年 | 134篇 |
2013年 | 290篇 |
2012年 | 179篇 |
2011年 | 162篇 |
2010年 | 128篇 |
2009年 | 186篇 |
2008年 | 210篇 |
2007年 | 175篇 |
2006年 | 209篇 |
2005年 | 181篇 |
2004年 | 144篇 |
2003年 | 146篇 |
2002年 | 146篇 |
2001年 | 130篇 |
2000年 | 122篇 |
1999年 | 106篇 |
1998年 | 79篇 |
1997年 | 70篇 |
1996年 | 57篇 |
1995年 | 73篇 |
1994年 | 37篇 |
1993年 | 31篇 |
1992年 | 37篇 |
1991年 | 43篇 |
1990年 | 29篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 35篇 |
1987年 | 26篇 |
1986年 | 23篇 |
1985年 | 26篇 |
1984年 | 26篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 31篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 31篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 12篇 |
1977年 | 21篇 |
1976年 | 18篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有4239条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
The finite difference method is applied to an optimal control problem for a system governed by a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a complex coe?cient. The optimal control problem is discretized by the finite difference method, the error estimate for the finite difference scheme is established and the convergence of difference approximations of the optimal control according to the functional is proved. 相似文献
22.
A modified pseudospectral method for solving trajectory optimization problems with singular arc 下载免费PDF全文
Zahra Foroozandeh Mostafa Shamsi Vadim Azhmyakov Masoud Shafiee 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2017,40(5):1783-1793
This paper presents a direct method based on Legendre–Radau pseudospectral method for efficient and accurate solution of a class of singular optimal control problems. In this scheme, based on a priori knowledge of control, the problem is transformed to a multidomain formulation, in which the switching points appear as unknown parameters. Then, by utilizing Legendre‐Radau pseudospectral method, a nonlinear programming problem is derived which can be solved by the well‐developed parameter optimization algorithms. The main advantages of the present method are its superior accuracy and ability to capture the switching times. Accuracy and performance of the proposed method are examined by means of some numerical experiments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
23.
We consider a linear parabolic problem in a thick junction domain which is the union of a fixed domain and a collection of periodic branched trees of height of order 1 and small width connected on a part of the boundary. We consider a three‐branched structure, but the analysis can be extended to n‐branched structures. We use unfolding operator to study the asymptotic behavior of the solution of the problem. In the limit problem, we get a multi‐sheeted function in which each sheet is the limit of restriction of the solution to various branches of the domain. Homogenization of an optimal control problem posed on the above setting is also investigated. One of the novelty of the paper is the characterization of the optimal control via the appropriately defined unfolding operators. Finally, we obtain the limit of the optimal control problem. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
24.
Chunxiao Ding Yun Sun Yuanguo Zhu 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2017,40(14):5079-5094
A new mathematical model included an exposed compartment is established in consideration of incubation period of schistosoma in human body. The basic reproduction number is calculated to illustrate the threshold of disease outbreak. The existence of the disease free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium are proved. Studies about stability behaviors of the model are exploited. Moreover, control measure assessments are investigated in order to seek out effective control interventions for anti‐schistosomiasis. Then, the corresponding optimal control problem according to the model is presented and solved. Theoretical analyses and numerical simulations induce several prevention and control strategies for anti‐schistosomiasis. At last, a discussion is provided about our results and further work. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
25.
《Operations Research Letters》2023,51(4):393-400
In this paper, we discuss an application of the Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) type algorithm to nested risk-averse formulations of Stochastic Optimal Control (SOC) problems. We propose a construction of a statistical upper bound for the optimal value of risk-averse SOC problems. This outlines an approach to a solution of a long standing problem in that area of research. The bound holds for a large class of convex and monotone conditional risk mappings. Finally, we show the validity of the statistical upper bound to solve a real-life stochastic hydro-thermal planning problem. 相似文献
26.
本文考虑全离散插值系数有限元方法求解半线性抛物最优控制问题,其中控制变量用分片常数函数逼近,状态变量和对偶状态变量用分片线性函数逼近.对于方程中的半线性项,先用插值系数技巧处理,再用牛顿迭代法求解.通过引入一些辅助变量和投影算子,并利用有限元空间的逼近性质,得到半线性抛物最优控制问题插值系数有限元方法的收敛性结果;数值算例结果验证了理论结果的正确性. 相似文献
27.
A cell mapping strategy based on Bellman'sPrinciple of optimality (BP) is proposed to solve the fixed final time optimalcontrol of strongly nonlinear systems with state and control bounds. Thefixed final time problem is transformed into a fixed final time-fixed finalstate optimal control problem by reversing the time. This transformationallows to solve the problem in the framework of the BP. Backward searchingalgorithms within the cell mapping context are used to obtain the solution ofthe new problem. This approach reduces considerably the computational effortrequired for the original problem when it is solved by a forward searchingapproach. The vibration control problem of damped and undamped variablestiffness oscillators with bounded stiffness tuning range is studied todemonstrate the effectiveness of the approach. A numerical study on theconvergence of the method is also presented. 相似文献
28.
由Hsu提出的利用胞映射进行最优控制的方法可以发展成实用的工程控制技术.本文以研究算法为出发点,利用胞映射的特性,结合实际的计算与可能,作了一系列旨在提高计算速度和节省内存的改进;并给出了简单有效的区分同耗最优控制对的统一的方法.使用平常的微型计算机也能有效地解决实际工程问题的最优控制. 相似文献
29.
利用阻尼来抗震是建筑物最简单的抗震方法,当在阻尼数目少于楼层数时,为使所布置的阻尼达到最优的抗震效果,本文开发了两种最优阻尼配置方法。第一种方法是根据临界激励法确定计算所有可能布置位置中的临界阻尼,选择最小的临界阻尼位置作为最优配置。第二种方法则是根据给定阻尼,计算最优控制效果以确定最优阻尼配置。然后根据实代码遗传算法,在结构抗震效果基本保证的前提下,寻找最优阻尼以降低结构总的阻尼增量。最后给出了一个计算实例。 相似文献
30.
D. F. Abzalilov 《Fluid Dynamics》2005,40(6):985-991
The problem of designing a wing airfoil starting from the surface velocity (or pressure) distribution, given in multi-parameter form, is considered. In the diffuser region, the velocity decrease law is determined from the conditions of minimum drag and separationless flow for a given Reynolds number. The case of boundary layer suction for the purpose of improving the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil is studied. A solution is obtained using optimal control theory. 相似文献